In today’s world, the presence of security guards is a common sight in offices, malls, banks, residential buildings, events, and public spaces. They serve as the first line of defense against threats and help maintain order and safety. But while many people appreciate the presence of a security guard, few understand the exact boundaries of their authority.
This article sheds light on what security guards can and can’t do, helping you understand their roles better—and highlighting why choosing a professional security service like National Protective Service can make a crucial difference.
What Security Guards Can Do
1. Deter Criminal Activity
One of the most important roles of a security guard is to act as a deterrent. Their visible presence can prevent potential crimes such as theft, vandalism, or trespassing before they even happen.
2. Conduct Surveillance
Security guards are often responsible for monitoring security cameras, alarm systems and conducting routine patrols of the premises. This proactive monitoring helps identify suspicious behavior or unauthorized access early.
3. Enforce Property Rules
Guards can enforce rules and regulations set by the property owner. For instance, they may deny access to unauthorized persons or ensure that employees and visitors follow safety procedures.
4. Perform Searches (With Consent or Policy)
In places like nightclubs, stadiums, or airports, security guards may conduct bag checks or pat-downs as part of the entry policy. However, these searches must be consensual or in accordance with clearly communicated rules.
5. Make a Citizen’s Arrest
In many jurisdictions, security guards have the same right as an average citizen to perform a citizen’s arrest. This typically applies if they directly witness a crime being committed. Once an arrest is made, they are required to hand over the suspect to law enforcement as soon as possible.
6. Use Reasonable Force
Security guards are permitted to use reasonable force to protect themselves, others, or property. This does not mean they can act violently or excessively—it must be proportionate to the threat.
7. Communicate with Law Enforcement
Guards often act as liaisons with the police. They report crimes, preserve crime scenes, provide statements, and assist during emergencies.
What Security Guards Can’t Do
1. Act as a Police Officer
Security guards are not law enforcement officers. They don’t have police powers such as issuing tickets, conducting formal investigations, or accessing police databases. Their authority is limited to the property they are hired to protect.
2. Detain Someone Without Just Cause
Security guards cannot detain someone arbitrarily. They need a legitimate reason, such as witnessing a crime, and must follow legal procedures during a citizen’s arrest. Unlawful detention can lead to legal consequences for both the guard and their employer.
3. Use Excessive Force or Weapons Without License
While guards may be trained to respond to threats, they cannot use excessive or deadly force unless it is a matter of self-defense or in defense of others. Moreover, they cannot carry firearms unless they are licensed and authorized to do so under local laws.
4. Search a Person Without Consent
Unless it’s part of a venue’s policy that people have agreed to by entering, security guards can’t conduct personal searches without explicit consent. Doing so may violate privacy rights and result in legal action.
5. Intercept Private Communications
Security guards are not allowed to listen in on or record private conversations unless all parties have consented or it’s part of a controlled security operation within legal boundaries.
6. Pursue Offenders Off Property
A security guard’s authority generally ends at the boundary of the property they are hired to protect. Chasing someone off-site can be risky and may expose them to legal liability.
Why Hiring Professional Security Matters
Understanding the limits and powers of security guards is essential not just for the public, but also for businesses and property owners. Proper training, ethical conduct, and clear guidelines are crucial to ensuring that guards perform their duties effectively without overstepping boundaries.
That’s why it’s important to work with a security company that takes professionalism seriously.
National Protective Service: The Best Security Company for Your Needs
When it comes to safety, expertise and reliability matter. National Protective Service stands out as the best security company, thanks to its team of highly trained guards, commitment to legal compliance, and reputation for excellence. Whether you need event security, corporate protection, or residential guarding services, National Protective Service provides peace of mind through professionalism and integrity.
Don’t leave your security to chance—trust the experts who understand both what a security guard can and can’t do.